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Plant Species Reported to be Invasive in Natural Areas List
Source:
John Randall, The Nature Conservancy, Survey of TNC Preserves, 1995.
Source URL:
255 Species
Subject Name
Scientific Name
Family
U.S. Nativity
kudzu
Pueraria montana var. lobata
(Willd.) Maesen & S. Almeida
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Exotic
princesstree
Paulownia tomentosa
(Thunb.) Sieb. & Zucc. ex Steud.
Scrophulariaceae
Exotic
cogongrass
Imperata cylindrica
(L.) Beauv.
Poaceae
Exotic
tropical soda apple
Solanum viarum
Dunal
Solanaceae
Exotic
alligatorweed
Alternanthera philoxeroides
(Mart.) Griseb.
Amaranthaceae
Exotic
melaleuca
Melaleuca quinquenervia
(Cav.) Blake
Myrtaceae
Exotic
Canada thistle
Cirsium arvense
(L.) Scop.
Asteraceae
Exotic
Norway maple
Acer platanoides
L.
Aceraceae
Exotic
tree-of-heaven
Ailanthus altissima
(P. Mill.) Swingle
Simaroubaceae
Exotic
garlic mustard
Alliaria petiolata
(Bieb.) Cavara & Grande
Brassicaceae
Exotic
coral ardisia
Ardisia crenata
Sims
Primulaceae
Exotic
giant reed
Arundo donax
L.
Poaceae
Exotic
Japanese barberry
Berberis thunbergii
DC.
Berberidaceae
Exotic
musk thistle
Carduus nutans
L.
Asteraceae
Exotic
oriental bittersweet
Celastrus orbiculatus
Thunb.
Celastraceae
Exotic
spotted knapweed
Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthos
(Gugler) Hayek
Asteraceae
Exotic
purple crown-vetch
Securigera varia
(L.) Lassen
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Exotic
air-potato
Dioscorea bulbifera
L.
Dioscoreaceae
Exotic
common teasel
Dipsacus fullonum
L.
Dipsacaceae
Exotic
Brazilian waterweed
Egeria densa
Planch.
Hydrocharitaceae
Exotic
common water hyacinth
Eichhornia crassipes
(Mart.) Solms
Pontederiaceae
Exotic
autumn olive
Elaeagnus umbellata
Thunb.
Elaeagnaceae
Exotic
Russian olive
Elaeagnus angustifolia
L.
Elaeagnaceae
Exotic
winged burning bush
Euonymus alatus
(Thunb.) Sieb.
Celastraceae
Exotic
winter creeper
Euonymus fortunei
(Turcz.) Hand.-Maz.
Celastraceae
Exotic
English ivy
Hedera helix
L.
Araliaceae
Exotic
hydrilla
Hydrilla verticillata
(L. f.) Royle
Hydrocharitaceae
Exotic
largeleaf lantana
Lantana camara
L.
Verbenaceae
Exotic
sericea lespedeza
Lespedeza cuneata
(Dum.-Cours.) G. Don
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Exotic
Japanese privet
Ligustrum japonicum
Thunb.
Oleaceae
Exotic
Chinese privet
Ligustrum sinense
Lour.
Oleaceae
Exotic
European privet
Ligustrum vulgare
L.
Oleaceae
Exotic
tall fescue
Festuca arundinacea
Schreb.
Poaceae
Exotic
Japanese honeysuckle
Lonicera japonica
Thunb.
Caprifoliaceae
Exotic
Amur honeysuckle
Lonicera maackii
(Rupr.) Herder
Caprifoliaceae
Exotic
Morrow's honeysuckle
Lonicera morrowii
Gray
Caprifoliaceae
Exotic
Tatarian honeysuckle
Lonicera tatarica
L.
Caprifoliaceae
Exotic
Japanese climbing fern
Lygodium japonicum
(Thunb. ex Murr.) Sw.
Lygodiaceae
Exotic
old world climbing fern
Lygodium microphyllum
(Cav.) R. Br.
Lygodiaceae
Exotic
purple loosestrife
Lythrum salicaria
L.
Lythraceae
Exotic
chinaberry
Melia azedarach
L.
Meliaceae
Exotic
Japanese stiltgrass
Microstegium vimineum
(Trin.) A. Camus
Poaceae
Exotic
Eurasian water-milfoil
Myriophyllum spicatum
L.
Haloragaceae
Exotic
Japanese pachysandra
Pachysandra terminalis
Sieb. & Zucc.
Buxaceae
Exotic
skunk-vine
Paederia foetida
L.
Rubiaceae
Exotic
torpedograss
Panicum repens
L.
Poaceae
Exotic
water lettuce
Pistia stratiotes
L.
Araceae
Native
white poplar
Populus alba
L.
Salicaceae
Exotic
common buckthorn, European buckthorn
Rhamnus cathartica
L.
Rhamnaceae
Exotic
multiflora rose
Rosa multiflora
Thunb.
Rosaceae
Exotic
wine raspberry
Rubus phoenicolasius
Maxim.
Rosaceae
Exotic
johnsongrass
Sorghum halepense
(L.) Pers.
Poaceae
Exotic
Japanese spiraea
Spiraea japonica
L. f.
Rosaceae
Exotic
common chickweed
Stellaria pallida
(Dumort.) Crépin
Caryophyllaceae
Exotic
Chinese tallowtree
Triadica sebifera
(L.) Small
Euphorbiaceae
Exotic
common mullein
Verbascum thapsus
L.
Scrophulariaceae
Exotic
common periwinkle
Vinca minor
L.
Apocynaceae
Exotic
Japanese wisteria
Wisteria floribunda
(Willd.) DC.
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Exotic
Chinese wisteria
Wisteria sinensis
(Sims) DC.
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Exotic
cypress spurge
Euphorbia cyparissias
L.
Euphorbiaceae
Exotic
Australian-pine
Casuarina equisetifolia
L.
Casuarinaceae
Exotic
Tasmanian bluegum
Eucalyptus globulus
Labill.
Myrtaceae
Exotic
silkoak
Grevillea robusta
A. Cunningham ex R. Br.
Proteaceae
Exotic
osage-orange
Maclura pomifera
(Raf.) Schneid.
Moraceae
Native
black locust
Robinia pseudoacacia
L.
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
bull thistle
Cirsium vulgare
(Savi) Ten.
Asteraceae
Exotic
Black dog-strangling vine, black swallowwort
Vincetoxicum nigrum
(L.) Moench
Asclepiadaceae
Exotic
spiny plumeless thistle
Carduus acanthoides
L.
Asteraceae
Exotic
leafy spurge
Euphorbia esula
L.
Euphorbiaceae
Exotic
tawny daylily
Hemerocallis fulva
(L.) L.
Liliaceae
Exotic
Siberian elm
Ulmus pumila
L.
Ulmaceae
Exotic
European water chestnut
Trapa natans
L.
Trapaceae
Exotic
Senegal date palm
Phoenix reclinata
Jacq.
Arecaceae
Exotic
dandelion
Taraxacum officinale
G.H. Weber ex Wiggers
Asteraceae
dog-strangling vine, European swallowwort
Vincetoxicum rossicum
(Kleopov) Barbarich
Asclepiadaceae
Exotic
field bindweed
Convolvulus arvensis
L.
Convolvulaceae
Exotic
gorse
Ulex europaeus
L.
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Exotic
Mediterranean sage
Salvia aethiopis
L.
Lamiaceae
Exotic
poison hemlock
Conium maculatum
L.
Apiaceae
Exotic
Russian knapweed
Rhaponticum repens
(L.) Hidalgo
Asteraceae
Exotic
yellow starthistle
Centaurea solstitialis
L.
Asteraceae
Exotic
rush skeletonweed
Chondrilla juncea
L.
Asteraceae
Exotic
Scotch broom
Cytisus scoparius
(L.) Link
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Exotic
common St. Johnswort
Hypericum perforatum
L.
Clusiaceae
Exotic
common crupina
Crupina vulgaris
Cass.
Asteraceae
Exotic
mouseear hawkweed
Hieracium pilosella
L.
Asteraceae
Exotic
sulfur cinquefoil
Potentilla recta
L.
Rosaceae
Exotic
Scotch thistle
Onopordum acanthium
L.
Asteraceae
Exotic
blessed milkthistle
Silybum marianum
(L.) Gaertn.
Asteraceae
Exotic
diffuse knapweed
Centaurea diffusa
Lam.
Asteraceae
Exotic
orchardgrass
Dactylis glomerata
L.
Poaceae
Exotic
big periwinkle
Vinca major
L.
Apocynaceae
Exotic
Italian stone pine
Pinus pinea
L.
Pinaceae
Exotic
kikuyugrass
Pennisetum clandestinum
Hochst. ex Chiov.
Poaceae
Exotic
black acacia
Acacia melanoxylon
R. Br. ex Ait. f.
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Exotic
black wattle
Acacia mearnsii
de Wildeman.
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Exotic
jointed goatgrass
Aegilops cylindrica
Host
Poaceae
Exotic
camelthorn
Alhagi maurorum
Medik
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Exotic
European beachgrass
Ammophila arenaria
(L.) Link
Poaceae
Exotic
broomsedge bluestem
Andropogon virginicus
L.
Poaceae
Native
absinth wormwood
Artemisia absinthium
L.
Asteraceae
Exotic
tall oatgrass
Arrhenatherum elatius
(L.) Beauv. ex J.& K. Presl
Poaceae
Exotic
common burdock
Arctium minus
Bernh.
Asteraceae
Exotic
mugwort
Artemisia vulgaris
L.
Asteraceae
Exotic
fivehook bassia
Bassia hyssopifolia
(Pallas) Kuntz
Chenopodiaceae
Exotic
common barberry
Berberis vulgaris
L
Berberidaceae
Exotic
field brome
Bromus arvensis
L.
Poaceae
Exotic
smooth brome
Bromus inermis
Leyss.
Poaceae
Exotic
black mustard
Brassica nigra
(L.) W.D.J. Koch
Brassicaceae
Exotic
paper-mulberry
Broussonetia papyrifera
(L.) L'Hér. ex Vent.
Moraceae
Exotic
red brome
Bromus rubens
L.
Poaceae
Exotic
poverty brome
Bromus sterilis
L.
Poaceae
Exotic
cheatgrass
Bromus tectorum
L.
Poaceae
Exotic
hoary cress
Lepidium draba
(L.) Desv
Brassicaceae
Exotic
hottentot fig
Carpobrotus edulis
(L.) N.E. Br
Aizoaceae
Exotic
purple starthistle
Centaurea calcitrapa
L.
Asteraceae
Exotic
alpine knapweed
Centaurea nigrescens
Willd
Asteraceae
Exotic
spotted spurge
Euphorbia maculata
(L.) Small
Euphorbiaceae
Native
blue mustard
Chorispora tenella
(Pallas) DC.
Brassicaceae
Exotic
chicory
Cichorium intybus
L.
Asteraceae
Exotic
soapbush
Clidemia hirta
(L.) D. Don
Melastomataceae
Native
Asian nakedwood
Colubrina asiatica
(L.) Brongn.
Rhamnaceae
Exotic
purple pampasgrass
Cortaderia jubata
(Lem.) Stapf
Poaceae
Exotic
karaka nut
Corynocarpus laevigatus
J.R. & G. Forst.
Corynocarpaceae
Exotic
Uruguayan pampas grass
Cortaderia selloana
(Schult. & Schult. f.) Asch. & Graebn.
Poaceae
Exotic
common hawthorn
Crataegus monogyna
Jacq.
Rosaceae
Exotic
carrotwood
Cupaniopsis anacardioides
(A. Rich.) Radlk.
Sapindaceae
Exotic
cardoon
Cynara cardunculus
L.
Asteraceae
Exotic
bermudagrass
Cynodon dactylon
(L.) Pers
Poaceae
Exotic
houndstongue
Cynoglossum officinale
L.
Boraginaceae
Exotic
crowfootgrass
Dactyloctenium aegyptium
(L.) Willd
Poaceae
Exotic
Queen Anne's lace, wild carrot
Daucus carota
L.
Apiaceae
Exotic
flixweed
Descurainia sophia
(L.) Webb ex Prantl
Brassicaceae
Exotic
cutleaf teasel
Dipsacus laciniatus
L.
Dipsacaceae
Exotic
perennial veldtgrass
Ehrharta calycina
Sm.
Poaceae
Exotic
weeping grass
Microlaena stipoides
Labill.
Poaceae
Exotic
quackgrass
Elymus repens
(L.) Gould
Poaceae
Exotic
edible fig
Ficus carica
L.
Moraceae
Exotic
fennel
Foeniculum vulgare
P. Mill.
Apiaceae
Exotic
glossy buckthorn
Frangula alnus
Mill.
Rhamnaceae
Exotic
shamel ash
Fraxinus uhdei
(Wenzig) Lingelsh
Oleaceae
Exotic
French broom
Genista monspessulana
(L.) L. Johnson
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Exotic
babysbreath
Gypsophila paniculata
L.
Caryophyllaceae
Exotic
white garland-lily
Hedychium coronarium
Koenig
Zingiberaceae
Exotic
Kahila garland-lily
Hedychium gardnerianum
Shepard ex Ker-Gawl.
Zingiberaceae
Exotic
white moho
Heliocarpus popayanensis
Kunth
Tiliaceae
Exotic
common velvetgrass
Holcus lanatus
L.
Poaceae
Exotic
leporinum barley
Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum
(Link) Arcang.
Poaceae
Exotic
black henbane
Hyoscyamus niger
L.
Solanaceae
Exotic
hairy cat's ear
Hypochaeris radicata
L.
Asteraceae
Exotic
yellow iris
Iris pseudacorus
L.
Iridaceae
Exotic
prickly lettuce
Lactuca serriola
L.
Asteraceae
Exotic
motherwort
Leonurus cardiaca
L.
Lamiaceae
Exotic
perennial pepperweed
Lepidium latifolium
L.
Brassicaceae
Exotic
white leadtree
Leucaena leucocephala
(Lam.) de Wit
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Exotic
clasping pepperweed
Lepidium perfoliatum
L.
Brassicaceae
Exotic
oxeye daisy
Leucanthemum vulgare
Lam.
Asteraceae
Exotic
Dalmatian toadflax
Linaria dalmatica
(L.) P. Mill.
Scrophulariaceae
Exotic
showy fly honeysuckle, Bell's honeysuckle
Lonicera x bella
Zabel [morrowii × tatarica]
Caprifoliaceae
Exotic
birdsfoot trefoil
Lotus corniculatus
L.
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Exotic
vinegartree
Lophostemon confertus
(R. Br.) P.G. Wilson & Waterhouse
Myrtaceae
Exotic
meadow fescue
Festuca pratensis
Huds.
Poaceae
Exotic
creeping yellow loosestrife, creeping Jenny
Lysimachia nummularia
L.
Primulaceae
Exotic
white horehound
Marrubium vulgare
L.
Lamiaceae
Exotic
molassesgrass
Melinis minutiflora
Beauv.
Poaceae
Exotic
yellow sweet-clover
Melilotus officinalis
(L.) Lam.
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Exotic
pennyroyal
Mentha pulegium
L.
Lamiaceae
Exotic
natalgrass
Melinis repens
(Willd.) Zizka
Poaceae
Exotic
miconia
Miconia calvescens
DC.
Melastomataceae
Exotic
white mulberry
Morus alba
L.
Moraceae
Exotic
firetree
Morella faya
(Ait.) Wilbur
Myricaceae
Exotic
burmareed
Neyraudia reynaudiana
(Kunth) Keng ex A.S. Hitchc.
Poaceae
Exotic
perennial soybean
Neonotonia wightii
(Wight & Arn.)
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Exotic
tree tobacco
Nicotiana glauca
Graham
Solanaceae
Exotic
olive
Olea europaea
L.
Oleaceae
Exotic
sour paspalum
Paspalum conjugatum
Berg.
Poaceae
Native
passionflower
Passiflora edulis
Sims
Passifloraceae
Exotic
banana passionflower
Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima
(Kunth) Holm-Niesen & P.M. Jørg.
Passifloraceae
Exotic
bahiagrass
Paspalum notatum
Fluegge
Poaceae
Native
wild parsnip
Pastinaca sativa
L.
Apiaceae
Exotic
corkystemmed passionflower
Passiflora suberosa
L.
Passifloraceae
Native
timothy
Phleum pratense
L.
Poaceae
Exotic
New Zealand flax
Phormium tenax
J.R. & G. Forst.
Xanthorrhoeaceae
Exotic
Canada bluegrass
Poa compressa
L.
Poaceae
Exotic
strawberry guava
Psidium cattleianum
Sabine
Myrtaceae
Exotic
guava
Psidium guajava
L.
Myrtaceae
Exotic
red sorrel
Rumex acetosella
L.
Polygonaceae
Exotic
highbush blackberry
Rubus argutus
Link
Rosaceae
Native
curly dock
Rumex crispus
L.
Polygonaceae
Exotic
Himalayan blackberry
Rubus armeniacus
Focke
Rosaceae
Exotic
cutleaf blackberry
Rubus laciniatus
Willd.
Rosaceae
Exotic
iguanatail
Sansevieria hyacinthoides
(L.) Druce
Asparagaceae
Exotic
Russian thistle
Salsola kali
L.
Chenopodiaceae
Exotic
bouncingbet
Saponaria officinalis
L.
Caryophyllaceae
Exotic
Peruvian peppertree
Schinus molle
L.
Anacardiaceae
Exotic
palmgrass
Setaria palmifolia
(Koenig) Stapf
Poaceae
Exotic
tumble mustard
Sisymbrium altissimum
L.
Brassicaceae
Exotic
smooth cordgrass
Spartina alterniflora
Loisel.
Poaceae
Native
denseflower cordgrass
Spartina densiflora
Brongn.
Poaceae
Exotic
Spanish broom
Spartium junceum
L.
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Exotic
Bay Biscayne creeping-oxeye
Sphagneticola trilobata
(L.C. Rich.) Pruski
Asteraceae
Exotic
Malabar plum
Syzygium jambos
(L.) Alston
Myrtaceae
Exotic
Athel tamarisk
Tamarix aphylla
(L.) Karst.
Tamaricaceae
Exotic
medusahead
Taeniatherum caput-medusae
(L.) Nevski
Poaceae
Exotic
saltcedar
Tamarix ramosissima
Ledeb.
Tamaricaceae
Exotic
common tansy
Tanacetum vulgare
L.
Asteraceae
Exotic
field pennycress
Thlaspi arvense
L.
Brassicaceae
Exotic
herbaceous glorytree
Tibouchina herbacea
(DC.) Cogn.
Melastomataceae
Exotic
Australian redcedar
Toona ciliata
Roemer
Meliaceae
Exotic
western salsify
Tragopogon dubius
Scop.
Asteraceae
Exotic
guineagrass
Megathyrsus maximus
(Jacq.) R. Webster
Poaceae
Exotic
tungoil tree
Vernicia fordii
(Hemsl.) Airy-Shaw
Euphorbiaceae
Exotic
cranberry viburnum, European highbush cranberry
Viburnum opulus ssp. opulus
Linnaeus
Caprifoliaceae
Exotic
weeping lovegrass
Eragrostis curvula
(Schrad.) Nees
Poaceae
Exotic
redtop
Agrostis gigantea
Roth
Poaceae
Exotic
fivestamen tamarisk
Tamarix chinensis
Lour.
Tamaricaceae
Exotic
European red raspberry
Rubus idaeus
L.
Rosaceae
sawtooth oak
Quercus acutissima
Carruthers
Fagaceae
Exotic
Japanese hop
Humulus japonicus
Siebold & Zucc.
Cannabaceae
Exotic
colonial bentgrass
Agrostis capillaris
L.
Poaceae
Exotic
Sycamore maple
Acer pseudoplatanus
L.
Aceraceae
Exotic
Lombardy poplar
Populus nigra
L.
Salicaceae
Exotic
sweet vernalgrass
Anthoxanthum odoratum
L.
Poaceae
Exotic
yellow daylily
Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus
L.
Liliaceae
Exotic
sweet cherry
Prunus avium
(L.) L.
Rosaceae
Exotic
bristly locust
Robinia hispida
L.
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Native
Seaside rose
Rosa rugosa
Thunb.
Rosaceae
Exotic
common pear
Pyrus communis
L.
Rosaceae
Exotic
European crabapple
Malus sylvestris
P. Mill.
Rosaceae
Exotic
Monterey cypress
Cupressus macrocarpa
Hartw. ex Gord.
Cupressaceae
Native
great burdock
Arctium lappa
L.
Asteraceae
Exotic
perennial false-brome
Brachypodium sylvaticum
(Huds.) Beauv.
Poaceae
Exotic
paradise poinciana
Caesalpinia gilliesii
(Wall. ex Hook.) Wall. ex D. Dietr.
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Exotic
Madagascar periwinkle
Catharanthus roseus
(L.) G. Don
Apocynaceae
Exotic
star-mustard
Coincya monensis
(L.) Greuter & Burdet
Brassicaceae
Exotic
Cooper's cyathea
Cyathea cooperi
(Hook. ex F. Muell.) Domin
Cyatheaceae
Exotic
Epidendrum ×obrienianum
Epidendrum x obrienianum
Rolfe [evectum × ibaguense]
Orchidaceae
Exotic
Lehmann lovegrass
Eragrostis lehmanniana
Nees
Poaceae
Exotic
sheep fescue
Festuca trachyphylla
(Hack.) Krajina nom. illeg.
Poaceae
Exotic
red fescue
Festuca rubra
L.
Poaceae
Native
simpleleaf chastetree
Vitex trifolia
L.
Verbenaceae
Exotic
intermediate wheatgrass
Thinopyrum intermedium
(Host) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey
Poaceae
Exotic
German velvetgrass
Holcus mollis
L.
Poaceae
Exotic
lesser hawkbit
Leontodon saxatilis ssp. saxatilis
L.
Asteraceae
Exotic
largeleaf blackberry
Rubus macrophyllus
Weihe & Nees
Rosaceae
Exotic
tuna cactus
Opuntia ficus-indica
(L.) P. Mill.
Cactaceae
Exotic
yellow glandweed
Parentucellia viscosa
(L.) Caruel
Scrophulariaceae
Exotic
hedgehog dogtailgrass
Cynosurus echinatus
L.
Poaceae
Exotic
Japanese knotweed
Reynoutria japonica
Sieb. & Zucc.
Polygonaceae
Exotic
Mexican fireweed
Bassia scoparia
(L.) A.J. Scott
Chenopodiaceae
Exotic
European cranberrybush
Viburnum opulus
L.
Caprifoliaceae
Exotic
Chinese banyan
Ficus microcarpa
L. f.
Moraceae
Exotic
tansy ragwort
Jacobaea vulgaris
Gaertn.
Asteraceae
Exotic
porcelain-berry
Ampelopsis glandulosa var. brevipedunculata
(Maxim.) Momiy.
Vitaceae
Exotic
Brazilian peppertree
Schinus terebinthifolia
Raddi
Anacardiaceae
Exotic